Tuesday 26 September 2017

Different types of iv cannula devices used in treatment

The objective when we selecting the proper gauge/device  of an peripheral IV catheter is to ensure that the best device meets the patient’s needs.  This means taking into consideration many factors such as:
  1. Prescribed therapy/type of solution
  2. Duration of treatment
  3. Peripheral vein availability/vein integrity
  4. Diagnosis /Age
  5. Known complications of the device
In general for IM (intramuscular) injections you would use a 21 to 23 gauge needle 1 to 1.5 inches long for an adult. In a child you use a 1 inch long, 25 to 27 gauge needle. In obese patients, 1.5 to 2 inch needles may be necessary.
The recommendation for catheter selection from the textbook “Infusion Nursing: An Evidence based Approach” include the following:
Iv cannula
Iv cannula

It is important that  to note that for trans fusions of blood or blood products, 14-24g can be used  only for adults and 22g-24g for pediatrics and neonates.
In an emergency situation where rapid infusion of large amounts of fluids are necessary, a larger gauge catheter may be used. Catheters inserted in emergency situations should be removed and replaced as soon as the patient is stabilized, but within 24 hours of the emergency as one cannot ensure that the site was adequately prepped or that aseptic technique was maintained.